In the Database (WPD), for each planetarium, if old information and photos are found, additional pages are added (under the links "Previous or Next installation")
You can find the old closed planetarium with the Query page and select "Closed" status, or use the engine search for all (closed or open)
After the World War II (The first fifty years)
To do list:
- all first Spitz A, A1 and A2 (dates and locations)
- all first Zeiss ZKP1 (dates and locations)
- all first russian prototypes (like UP-4 in Saratov)
​
Blue color : over 15 meters
USSR: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (CCCP)
USSR (GDR): Est Germany (between Oct. 1949 and Oct. 1990)
(FRG): West Germany
Sorting order:
First: more precise date
second: different countries
third: USA (by alphabetic order)
​
1945
- University Park, PA, Prototype (Spitz A?)
​
1946
- Detroit, MI, 5.5m, 40s, Prototype (Spitz A?)
- Harrisonburg, VA, Eastern Mennonite College, 4.2m, 22s, Spitz A
​
1948 8
- May, 23: Saratov, USSR (Russia), 6m, 50s, Prototype UP-4, in a church
- August, 31: Nizhny Novgorod, USSR (Russia), 8m, 120s, Prototype P-1, in a church
- November 7: Yaroslav, USSR (Russia), 8m, in a church
- Tomsk, USSR (Russia), 4.5m, first Zeiss ZKP1?
- Boston, MA, 5.5m, "portable" (Spitz A?)
- Chadds Ford, PA, Spitz Inc.
- Los Angeles, University (Spitz A?)
- Scranton, PA, 4m?, Spitz A
​
​
1949 7​​​
- May 10: Chapel Hill, NC, 20.7m, 330s, Zeiss II (Morehead) from Stockholm and Goteborg.
- Lucknow, India, 6m, 30s
- Annapolis, MD, 6.7m, 45s, Spitz A1
- Decatur, GA, 4.27m, 24s, first Spitz A2? (until 1978)
- Fort Worth, TX, 9.14m, 80s, Spitz A
- Kingston, RI, 4.9m, 21s, Spitz A
- North Canton, OH, 3m, 15s, Prototype Emmons
​
​
1950 6
- April: Cincinnati, OH, 3.7m, 20S, Spitz A1
- Irkutsk, USSR (Russia), 120s, Prototype UP3 (in a church)
- Barnaul, USSR (Russia), 9.5m, 62s, Prototype UP2 (in a church)
- Portland, OR, 5m, Spitz A
- San Francisco, CA, 7.3m, 40S, Spitz A?
- Sydney, Australia, 4.3m, Spitz A
1951 5
- February 18: Kostroma, USSR (Russia), 9m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1 (in a church)
- Munchen, Germany (FRG), 10m, Zeiss model 1 (a) (temporary after WW2)
- Chattanooga, TN, 3.66m, Prototype (copper dodecahedron)
- Cherokee, IA, 6.1m, 50s, Spitz A1
- Jacksonville, FL, 7.3m?, Spitz A2 (1948?)
​​
​
1952 10
- January 1: Kiev, USSR (Ukraine), 14.5m, 180s, Zeiss ZKP1 (in a church)
- January 15: Novosibirsk, USSR (Russia), 6m, 60s, Zeiss ZKP1 (in a church)
- January 23: Bremen, Germany (FRG), 6m, 35s, Zeiss ZKP1
- March 3: Nashville, TN, 6m, 80s, Spitz A1 (Sudekum)
- June 27: Paris, 23.5m, 355s, Zeiss II (Palais de la Découverte) from Paris, Universal exhibition 1937.
- November 8: San Francisco, 19.8m, 375s, Prototype CAS (Morrison)
- Lausanne, Switzerland, 7m, Spitz A1 (from Philadelphia)
- Cleveland, OH, 4.9m, Prototype
- Fort Eustis, VA, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz A
- Morgantown, WV, 6.7m, 25s, Spitz A2
​
​
1953 7
- April 26: Lubbock, TX, Spitz A
- Dallas, TX, 7.3m, ?
- Lancaster, PA, ?
- Newark, NJ, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A1
- North Canton, OH, 3m, 15s, Prototype Emmons
- Providence, RI, 7.3m, 61s, Spitz A1
- Spartanburg, SC, 6.1m, Spitz A1
​
​
1954 15
- January 15: Orenburg, USSR (Russia), 6m, 35s,
- September 18: Pune, India, 9m, 100s, Spitz A1
- September 19: Stalingrad, USSR (Russia), 23m, 500s, Zeiss UPP 23/1s (Volgograd later)
- October 15: Hamilton, Canada, 6.7m, 60s, Spitz A
- December: Memphis, TN, 6.1m, 60s, Spitz A1
- Stralsund, USSR (GDR) 6m, 30s, ZKP1
- Penza, USSR (Russia), 3m,
- Fort Sill, OK, 7.3m, 70s, Spitz A1
- Indianapolis, IN, 7.3m, 60s, ?
- Fayetteville, AR, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz A1
- Mather, CA, 7.3m, 55s,
- Orono, ME, 6.1m, 45s, Spitz A1
- Sacramento, CA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A
- Schenectady, NY, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A2
- Storrs, CT, 4.9m, 25s, Spitz A1
​
​
1955 6
- February 11: Montevideo, Uruguay, 18m, 250s, Spitz B
- December 4: Katowice, USSR (Poland), 22.9m, 405s, Zeiss UPP 23/2s (Chorzow)
- Tver, USSR (Russia), 7.3m, 94s, Spitz A1
- Twin Falls, ID, 6.7m, 45s, Prototype Herrett
- Bloomfield Hills, MI, 7.3m, 94s, Spitz A1
- Westerville, OH, 8.5m, 35s,
​
​
1956 10
- May 1: Kursk, USSR (Russia), 9m, 40s, ZKP1
- May 11: Jerusalem, Israel, 6m, Spitz A1
- end: New Delhi, India, 6m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Munchen, Germany (FRG), 15m, 160s, Zeiss model 1a
- Halifax, Canada, 7m, 30s, Spitz A1
- Brindisi, Italy, 8m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Ann Harbor, MI, 7.3m, 63s, Spitz A1
- Warterloo, IA, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz A
- Jacksonville, AL, Spitz A
- Yonkers, NY, 3.7m, 20s, Spitz A1
​
​
1957 13
- January 27: Sao Paulo, Brazil, 20m, 350s, Zeiss III
- April 1: Tokyo, 20m, 453s, Zeiss IV (first Zeiss IV, Tokyo Cultural Center)
- September 29: Beijing, 23.4m, 600s, Zeiss UPP 23/2
- Naval Academy, South Korea, Spitz A2
- Kharkov, USSR (Ukraine), 8m, Prototype UE4 (in a church)
- Murmansk, USSR (Russia), 6m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Annapolis, MD, 7.3m, 40s, (1961?)
- Detroit, MI, 4.3m, 40s, Spitz A
- Los Angeles, UCLA, 7.3m, 49s, Spitz A
- Santa Barbara, CA, 7.3m, 80s, Spitz A1
- South Shields, UK, 7m, 54s, Spitz A2
- Stamford, CT, Spitz A1
- Topeka, KS, 6.1m, 30s, Viewlex Goto Mercury
​
​
1958 24
- March 19: London, 20.3m, 350s, Zeiss IV
- March 23: Lincoln, NE, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A2
- June 29: Flint, MI, 18.3m, 282s, Spitz B (Longway)
- September: Nishinomiya, Japan, 20.5m, Prototype Nobuoka I
- September 12: Hasting, NE, 7.3m, 48s,
- October 20: Boston, MA, 18.3m, 314s, Prototype Korkosz
- December 6: Claremont, CA, 6m, 48s, Spitz A2
- December 16: Oklahoma City, OK,
- Moscow, 8m, 70s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Pilsen, USSR (Czech Republic), 6m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Bremen, Germany (FRG), 6m, 35s, Zeiss ZKP1 ? (see 1952)
- Grunendeich, Germany (FRG), 6.3m, 30s, Prototype
- Pyatigorsk, USSR (Russia), 6m, 20s,
- Muzaffarpur, India, 6m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Nanjing, China, 10m, Provider
- Cap Town, South Africa,
- Ann Arbor, MI, 6m, 36s, Spitz A1
- Bronx, NY, 6.1m, 35s, Spitz A2
- Carliste, PA, 9.14m, 90s, Spitz A
- Chattanooga, TN, 7.3m, 40s, Prototype in 1951
- Dahlonega, GA, 4.6m, 45s, Spitz A1
- New Haven, CT, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A1
- Provo, UT, 7.3m, 65s, Viewlex Goto Venus
- St Petersburg, FL, 7.3m, 46s, Spitz A1
​​​
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1959 27
- May 16: Tokyo, Japan, 8m, 60s, Goto Mars M1
- June 6: Astrakhan, USSR (Russia), 6m, Prototype UP-4
- July 17: Gamagori, Japan, 10m, Prototype Kowa
- October 22: Auckland, New Zealand, 7.6m, 84s, Spitz A2
- October 25: Leningrad, USSR (Russia), 23m, 300s, Zeiss IV (Saint Petersburg later)
- Arakawa, Japan,
- Wakayama, Japan, 8m, 70s, Prototype Kaneko
- Tokyo, Japan, Provider of lens since 1926
- Brno, USSR (Czech Republic), 8m, 70s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Berlin, USSR (GDR), 60s, first Zeiss ZKP1 (Archenhold)
- Novokuznetsk, USSR (Russia), Prototype
- Christchurch, New Zealand, 10m, 100s, Spitz A1
- Albuquerque, NM, 3m, 25s,
- Alma, MI, 7.3m, 43s, Spitz A1
- Bellingham, WA, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A2
- Columbia, SC, 7.9m, 60s, Minolta MS-10
- Costa Mesa, CA, 7.3m, 51s, Spitz A1
- Emporia, KS, 7.3m, 72s, Spitz A2
- Erie, PA, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz A2
- Evansville, IN, 9.14m, 48s, Spitz A1
- Findlay, OH, 7.3m, 50s, Goto S2
- Huntsville, TX, 7.3m, 30s, Spitz A2
- Kalamazoo, MI, 9.14m, 86s, Spitz A2
- Kenmore, WA, 7.3m, 50s,
- Saint Augustine, FL, 9.14m, 60s, Spitz A2
- San Diego, CA, 6.1m, 40s,
- USAFA, CO, 15.2m, 124s, Spitz B
​​​​​​​​​
1960 29
- January 29: New York, 22.8m, Zeiss IV (Hayden)
​- March 19: Hiroshima, Japan, 18m, 300s, Minolta S2
- April 23: Lima, Perou, 13m, 140s, Prototype Mendivil
- May 15: Kherson, USSR (Ukraine), 11m, 120s, Zeiss ZKP1
- June 8: Akashi, Japan, 23m, 410s, Zeiss UPP 23/3
- September 22: Edmonton, Canada, 7.3m, 75s, Goto Viewlex Venus
- October 12: Johannesburg, South Africa, 20m, 400s, Zeiss III (1956: bought at Hamburg, upgraded to III at Oberkochen)
- November 20: Praha, USSR, (Czech Republic), 20m, 300s, Zeiss UPP 23/3
- November: Pleasant Hill, CA, 7.9m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- December 20: Kirov, USSR (Russia), Prototype?
- Tokyo, Japan, Goto Mars M1 (delivered in December 1959)
- Dresden, USSR (GDR), 6m, 24s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Perm, USSR (Russia), Zeiss ZKP1
​- Yoshkar-Ola, USSR (Russia), 10m, 140s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Alpine, TX, 9.1m, 40s, Spitz A2?
- Amherst, MA, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P ?
- Cincinnati, OH, 9.8m, 69s, Spitz A3P
- Danbury, CT, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz Nova III
- Den Helder, Netherlands, ?, prototype KIM
- Fair Lawn, NJ, 6.1m, 50s, Spitz A1 (or A2)
- Greenville, SC, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A2
- Lakeland, FL, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A2
- Lakewood, OH, 6.1m, 60s, Spitz A2
- Madison, WI, 5.2m, 75s, Spitz A2
- Miami, FL, 6m, 30s, Spitz A1 (1960?)
- Mystic, CT, 9.1m, 84s, Spitz A2
- Savona, Italy, 5m, 45s, Galileo III (1960?)
- Tempe, AZ, 6.1m, 50s, Goto Viewlex Mercury (1959?)
- Washington, DC, 7.3m, 70s,
​
1961 35
- May 5: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, (Escola Naval), 6m, 40s, Spitz A2
- April 12: Bremerhaven, Germany (FRG), 6m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- July 4: Novorossiysk, USSR (Russia), 8m, 59s, Zeiss ZKP1
- July 24: Caracas, Venezuela, 20m, 327s, Zeiss III
- August 15: Cherkasy, USSR (Ukraine), 8m, 80s, Zeiss ZKP1
- September: Clemson, SC, 7.3m, 38s, Spitz A3P
- October 1: San Antonio, TX, 9.1m, 95s, Spitz A3P
- November: Kenosha, WI, 7.3m, 30s, Spitz
- December 11: Nuremberg, Germany (FRG), 18m, 286s, Zeiss III (upgraded to III at Oberkochen)
- December 12: Honolulu, HI, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- Hradec Kralove, USSR (Czech Republic), 6.5m, Zeiss ZKP1
- Porto Torres, Italy, 5m, Galileo Model III
- Ljubljana, USSR (Slovenia), 6m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Ekaterinenburg, USSR (Russia), 4m, 30s, Prototype Moscow UP-2
- Shizuoka, Japan, 10m, 150s, Goto Mars M1
- Arzamas, USSR (Russia), 6m, 75s, Prototype Moscow APS-3
- Annapolis, MD, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A2
- Baton Rouge, LA, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- Dallas, TX, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A3P
- Dearborn, MI, 7.3m, 48s, Spitz A3P
- Dover, DE, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Grand Rapids, MI, 9.8m, 88s, GOTO M1
- Lebanon, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz Nova
- Los Altos Hills, CA, 7.3m, GOTO Venus S3
- Menasha, WI, 7.6m, 75s, Spitz A2
- Minneapolis, MN, 12.2m, 160s, Spitz C (the special one)
- Parkersburg, WV, 8.3m, 72s, Spitz A3P
- Parm Heights, OH, 7.3m, 53s, Spitz A3P
- Philadelphia, PA, 6.1m, 30s, Spitz A3P
- Saint Johnsbury, VT, 6.1m, 28s, Spitz A2
- Salinas, CA, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Tahoma Park, MD, 7.3m, 42s, Spitz A2
- Tiffin, OH, 6.1m, 30s, Spitz A2
- University Center, MI, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Windsor, CT, 6.1m, 18s, Spitz A3P
​
1962 31
- January 21: Bridgeport, CT, 10.1m, 125s, Goto Viewlex M1 (Mars)
- February 17: Donetsk, USSR (Ukraine), 12m, 120s, Zeiss ZKP1
- March 24: Leipzig, USSR (GDR), 6m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1 (from 1957?)
- March: Etajima, Japan, 10m, 97s, GOTO M1
- March: Pullman, WA, 7.3m, 55s, Spitz
- April: Vladimir, USSR (Russia), 8m, 60s, Prototype Moscow UP-4
- May 24: Dimitrovgrad, USSR (Bulgaria), 6m, 45s, Prototype Milko Milanov (47 projectors)
- August 10: Vilnius, USSR (Lithuania), 12.3m, 146s, Zeiss ZKP1
- August: Hamamatsu, Japan, 10m, 80s, Prototype Kowa n°2
- Fall: Bakersfield, CA, 7.3m, 73s, Spitz A3P (dedicated early January 1963)
- September 29: Kolkata, India, 23.2m, 600s, Zeiss UPP 23/2s (inauguration: July 2, 1963)
- October 6: Schwerin, USSR (GDR), Zeiss ZKP1
- November 3: Nagoya, Japan, 20.2m, 445s, Zeiss IV (5th Zeiss in Japan)
- November: Imperial, CA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- December: Hutchinson, KS, 6m, 40s, Spitz A2
- Napier, New Zealand, 6m 40s, Zeiss ZKP1 (bought by Harold Holt in 1961)
- Muroran, Japan, 10m, 100s, Goto M1 (or April 1, 1963...)
- Kanagawa, Japan, 10m, 79s, Goto M1
- Moscow, USSR (Russia), ??
- Aptos, CA, 7.3m, 47s, Spitz
- Carlsbad, NM, 9.1m, 55s, Spitz A3P
- Charleston, WV, 7.3m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Coshocton, OH, 7.3m, 55s, Spitz A3P
- Frederick, MD, 7.3m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Hartford, CT, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Indianapolis, IN, 7.3m, 80s, Spitz 1024?
- Johnson City, TN, 7.3m, 45s, Spitz A3P
- Louisville, KY, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A3P
- Massapequa, NY, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Middleburg Heights, OH, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Oswego, NY, 6.1m, 50s, Spitz A3P
​
​
1963 28
- January 22: Hannover, 6m, 36s, Zeiss ZKP1 (No. 135, inauguration: May 25, 1963)
- April: Okayama, Japan, 15m, 269s, Goto M2
- April: Tsuyama, Japan, 8m, 70s, Prototype Nishimura
- April 16: Saint Louis, MO, 18.3m, 403s, Goto L1 (designed by Gyo Obata)
- July: Otaru, Japan, 7.5m, 66s, Goto S3
- October 7: Halle Kanena, USSR (GDR), 8m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1 (No. 164)
- November: Odessa, USSR (Ukraine), in a church
- November 15: Reno, NV, 9.1m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Santiago de Cali, Colombia, Zeiss ZKP1 (February 1967?)
- Vladikavkaz, USSR (Russia), 8m, 60s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Alexandria, VA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Chenay, WA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A1
- Chesapeake, VA, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Dayton, OH, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- Elgin, IL, 7.3m, 55s, Spitz A3P
- Fairfax, VA, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- Lakewood, CO, 10.1m, 130s, Goto Viewlex Mars
- Manhattan, KS, 6.1m, 35s, Spitz A3P
- Mt Vernon, WA, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Peoria, IL, 10m, 118s, Goto Viewlex Mars (M1)
- Philadelphia, PA, 4.6m, 25s, Spitz Nova III
- Rexburg, ID, 7.3m, 67s, Spitz
- San Mateo, CA, 9.1m, 75s, Spitz A3P
- Tyler, TX, 9.1m, 115s, Spitz A3P
- Walla Walla, WA, 6.7m, 45s, Spitz
- Weirton, WV, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- West Islip, NY, 9.1m, 78s, Spitz A3P
- Williamstown, MA, 6.1m, 30s, Spitz A3P
​
​
1964 53
- January 1: Timisoara, Romania, 6m, 24s, Zeis ZKP1
- March 29: Columbus, OH, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- May 26: Havana, Cuba, 6m, 59s, Zeiss ZKP1 (Capitol, Museo Poey)
- June 20: Vienne, Austria, 20m, 240s, Zeiss IV
- June 22: Riga, USSR (Latvia), 16m, Zeiss UPP-23/3 in a church
- July 22: Ufa, USSR (Russia), 8m, 85s, Zeiss ZKP1
- July: Houton, TX, 15.2m, 232s, Spitz STP
- August 1: Yokohama, Japan,
- August 18: Bangkok, Thailand, 20m, 463s, Zeiss IV
- November 6: Bochum, Germany (FRG), 20m, 248s, Zeiss IV
- December 12: Winston Salem, NC, 6.1m, 34s, Spitz Nova A1
- Oberkochen, Germany (FRG), 20m, test dome (Zeiss West)
- Pirna, USSR (GDR), 4.4m, 20s, Prototype Selbstau
- Obihiro, Japan, 10m, 82s, Goto M1
- Serov, USSR (Russia), 4.5m, 20s, Prototype: Novosibirsky Mechanical Plant
- Seewiesen, Germany (FRG), 9.1m, Zeiss ZKP1 (wind tunnel for birds)
- Ortona, Italy, 6m, 45s, Galileo III
- Winnipeg, Canada, 8m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Burnaby, Canada, 9.1m, 77s, Spitz A3PR
- Akron, OH, 9.1m, 53s, Spitz A3P
- Alamosa, CO, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Birmingham, AL, 9.1m, 87s, Spitz A3P
- Canton, OH, 7.3m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Castine, ME, 6.4m, 30s, Spitz A3P
- Decorah, IA, 7.3m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Dubuque, IA, 9.1m, 65s, Goto Venus (S3)
- Erie, MI, 4m, 43s, Spitz A3P
- East Lansing, MI, 15.2m, 140, Spitz STP
- Fremont, CA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Harmony, PA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P (1965?)
- Hermitage, PA, 6.1m, 45s, Spitz Nova III
- La Porte, TX, 7.3m, 32s, Spitz A3P
- Lewiston, ME, 6.1m, 25s, Spitz A3P
- Los Angeles (Griffith), 22.9m, 638s, replacement of the Zeiss II (1935) by a Zeiss IV
- Mansfield, OH, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Meadville, PA, 9.1m, 69s, Spitz A3P
- Normal, IL, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Oneonta, NY, 7.3m, 28s, Spitz A3P
- Oshkosh, WI, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Pittsburg, KS, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Pittsburgh, PA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Plattsburgh, NY, 7.3m, 70s, Spitz A3P (1965?)
- Rancho Cucamonga, CA, 9.1m, 76s,
- Shreveport, LA, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- Spring Grove, PA, 6.1m, 70s, Spitz Nova III
- Stevens Point, WI, 7.3m, 70s, Spitz A3P (1963?)
- Strongsville, OH, 7.3m, 34s, Spitz A3P
- Sylvania, OH, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Tampa, FL, 9.1m, 90s, Spitz A3PR
- Waco, TX, 7.3m, 80s, Spitz A3P
- Westland, MI, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- Westlake, OH, 6.1m, 35s, Spitz Nova III
- West Palm Beach, FL, 9.1m, 61s, Spitz Nova III
​
1965 69
- February 1: Colombo, Ceylon, 23m, 570s, Zeiss UPP 23/4 (Sri Lanka)
- March: San Marcos, CA, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- March: Koto, Japan, 10m, 50s, GOTO M1
- Spring: Marquette, MI, 9.1m, 59s, Spitz A3P
- May 18: Zagreb, Yugoslavia (Croatia), 8m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1
- June 16: Berlin, Germany (FRG), 20m, 300s, Zeiss IV (Foerster Sternwarte)
- July 20: Lisboa, Portugal, 23m, 330s, Zeiss UPP 23/4
- July 29: Minsk, USSR (Belarus), 11m, 100s, Zeiss ZKP1
- November: Corpus Christi, TX, 10.1m, 100s, Goto Venus S3
- November 26: Salt Lake City, UT, 15.2m, 200s, Spitz STP (aka "Jake")
- November 27: Porbandar, India, 8m, 80s, Zeiss ZKP1
- December 17: Herzberg, USSR (GDR), 8m, 70s, Zeiss ZKP1
- December 19, 1965: Eilenburg, USSR (GDR), 6m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Fall: Grand Island, NE, 9.1m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Livorno, Italy, 6m, 50s, (Galileo model III?)
- Melbourne, Australia, 10m, 110s, GOTO Mars (M1)
- Baoding, China, 8m, 80s, XTY-1
- Chengdu, China, 16m, dome test provider
- Shodoshima, Japan, 8m
- Leer, Germany, 5m, 30s, date: between 1960/1970...
- Rostock, USSR (GDR), 6m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Bautzen, USSR (GDR), 6m, 42s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Vinnitsa, USSR (Ukraine), 9m, 80s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Aberdeen, MD, 7.3m, 35s, Spitz A3P
- Allendale, NJ, 7.3m, 62s, Spitz A3P (1988?)
- Allentown, PA, 6.4m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Aspen, CO, 4.3m, 25s, Spitz Nova
- Azusa, CA, 7.3m, 75s, Spitz A3P
- Charleroi, PA, 7.3m, 30s, Spitz A3P
- Charlotte, NC, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Chula Vista, CA, 9.1m, 57s, Spitz A3P
- Clarks Summit, PA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Davie, FL, 12.2m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- Dubuque, IA, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Eau Claire, WI, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Edgewood, MD, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Emmaus, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Fremont, NE, 9.1m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Glendora, CA, 7.3m, 75s, Spitz A3P
- Grand Haven, MI, 8m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Greensburg, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Hampton, VA, 12m, Spitz Langley Prototype
- Harrisburg, PA, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- Hightstown, NJ, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Horsham, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3PR
- Indianapolis, IN, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Kenosha, WI, 7.3m, 30s, Farquhar
- Kintnersville, PA, 6.1m, 40s, Viewlex GOTO Mercury
- Kismet, KA, 6.1m, 30s, Spitz A2
- Lagrange, IN, 10m, 45s, Spitz A3P
- Lancaster, PA, 9.1m, 59s, Spitz A3P
- Latrobe, PA, 9.1m, 64s, Spitz A3P
- Macon, GA, 12.2m, 140s, Spitz A3P
- Monroeville, PA, 6.1m, 65s, Spitz Nova III
- Mount Pleasant, PA, 7.3m, 32s, Spitz A3P
- Newburgh, NY, 9.1m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- New Castle, PA, 6.1m, 35s, Spitz Nova III
- New Paltz, NY, 7.3m, 43s, Spitz A3P
- Omaha, NE, 7.3m, 55s, Spitz A3P
- Port Chester, NY, 7.3m, 64s, Spitz A3P
- Potsdam, NY, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Rocklin, NY, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P ? 1971?
- Saint Petersburg, FL, 4.3m, 30s, Viewlex GOTO Apollo
- Syracuse, NY, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P? 1981?
- Towson, MD, 6.7m, 44s, Spitz A3P
- Trenton, NJ, 12.2m, 149s, Spitz STP
- Uniontown, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3PR
- Warren, OH, 9.1m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Warrensville Heights, OH, 7.3m, 35s, Spitz A3P
​
1966 51
- January 7: Koln, Germany (FRG), 6m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- April 1: Montreal, Canada, 20m, 400s, Zeiss IV-B (Dawn)
- May: Sanyo Onoda, Japan, 10m, 100s, Minolta MS-10
- June 7: Athens, Greece, 15m, 250s, Zeiss IV
- Summer: Gettysburg, PA, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- September 10: Senftenberg, Germany, 8m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1
- September: Miami, FL, 19.8m, 344s, Spitz STP
- September: La Crosse, WI, 7.3m, 55s, Spitz A3P
- September 30: Bourbonnais, IL, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A4
- October 10: Santiago de Cuba, 8m, 63s, Zeiss ZKP1
- October 15: Recklinghausen, Germany (FRG), 8m, 74s, Zeiss ZKP1
- December: Newport News, VA, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- December 20, 1966: Buenos Aires, Argentina, 20m, 360s, Zeiss IV
- Senftenberg, USSR (GDR), 8m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Tula, USSR (Russia), 6m, 35s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Reutlingen, Germany (FRG), 4.2m, 25s, GOTO E5
- St John's, Canada, 5m, 26s, Spitz Nova III
- Vigo, Spain, 8m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Chiba, Japan, 10m, 100s, GOTO Mars (M-)1
- Kagoshima, Japan, 10m, 85s, GOTO GX-10-AT
- Naha, Japan, 10m, 120s, GOTO M1S
- Xiangfan, China, 9m, Fangfei TX-9
- Adrian, MI, 9.1m, 62s, Spitz A3P
- Alexandria, VA, 6.1m, 35s, Spitz 373
- Alpena, MI, 9.1m, 72s, Spitz A3P
- Bradenton, FL, 15.2m, 195s, Spitz STP (Bishop)
- Buffalo, NY, 7.3m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Casper, WY, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- Concord, NC, 9.1m, 72s, Spitz A3P
- Geneseo, NY, 6.1m, 20s, Spitz A3P
- Hayward, CA, 9.1m, 86s, Spitz A3P (1967?)
- Hutchinson, KS, 9.1m, Spitz A3P or A2?
- Indiana, PA, 9.1m, 75s, Spitz A3P
- Kearney, NE, 7.3m,
- Lancaster, OH, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Lebanon, PA, 7.3m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Madison, WI, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Manlius, NY, 7.3m, 36s, Spitz A3P
- Milwaukee, WI, 9.1m, 68s, Spitz A3P
- Naples, FL, 6.1m, 32s, ?
- Natick, MA, 10.1m, 72s, Spitz A3P
- Norwalk, CT, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Pasadena, CA, 9.1m, 75s, Spitz A3P
- Philadelphia, PA, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz Nova III
- Pottsville, PA, 9.1m, 72s, Spitz A3PR
- Punxsutawney, PA, 6.1m, 40s, Farquhar
- Quakertown, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Viewlex GOTO Venus
- San Luis Obispo, CA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Toledo, OH, 7.3m, 32s, Spitz A3P
- Valley Glen, CA, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Wichita, KS, 4m, 40s, Spitz Nova III
​
1967 71
- January 2: Mexico City, 20m, 440s, Zeiss IV
- January 3: Aktobe, USSR (Kazakhstan), 10m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1
- March: Rock Spring, GA, 7.3m, 72s, GOTO Mercury
- May 24: Baton Rouge, LA, 18.3m, 248s, Zeiss III (from Griffith Zeiss II)
- July 1: Calgary, Canada, 20m, 244s, Zeiss UPP 23/6
- August: Ube, Japan, 8m, 70s, GOTO Venus S-3
- August: Florence, AL, 10m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Fall: Dessau, Germany, 8m, 42s, Zeiss ZKP1
- October 14: Bowling Green, KY, 12.2m, 110s, Spitz A3P
- December 3: Atlanta, GA, 21.3m, 500s, Zeiss IV (Fernbank)
- December 19: Buenos Aires, Argentine, 20m, 360s, Zeiss IV (Galileo Galilei)
- Tel Aviv, Israel, 12m, 160s, Spitz A3P
- Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain, 9m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Bunkyo, Japan, 8m, 55s, GOTO GS-AT
- Kamo, Japan, 8m, 53s, GOTO Venus S-3
- Meguro, Japan, 10m, 50s, GOTO Mars M-1
- Seoul, South Korea, GOTO Venus S-3
- Kaluga, USSR (Russia), 12.5m, 120s, GOTO Venus
- Kemerovo, USSR (Russia), 6m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1?
- Alexandria, VA, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Baltimore, MD, 6.1m, 41s, Spitz Nova
- Bayonne, NJ, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Binghamton, NY, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A3PR
- Catonsville, MD, 9.1m, 65s, Spitz A3P? (1961?)
- Chatham, VA, 10m, 87s, GOTO Venus S3
- Coldwater, MI, 9.1m, 66s, Spitz A3P
- Colorado Spring, CO, 7.3m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Dresher, PA, 9.1m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Duluth, MN, 9.1m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Fishers, IN, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Floyds Knobs, IN, 8.5m, 55s, Spitz 512
- Folsom, PA, 4m, 40s, Spitz ?
- Gastonia, NC, 15.2m, 156s, Spitz A3P?
- Great Bend, KS, 7.3m, Spitz A4?
- Harrisburg, PA, 6.1m, 25s, Spitz Nova III
- Herndon, VA, 9.1m, 48s, Spitz A3P
- Huntingdon Valley, PA, 9.1m, 61s, Spitz A3P
- Huntsville, AL, GOTO S2?
- Industry, PA, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz Nova III
- Juneau, AK, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Killeen, TX, 7.3m, 37s, Spitz A3P
- Kinzers, PA, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Kutztown, PA, 10.4m, 85s, Spitz A3P
- La Crosse, WI, 7.3m, 45s, Spitz A3P
- Lakin, KS, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz Nova III
- Lee, ME, 4.4m, 25s, Spitz Nova III
- Marlboro, NY, 7.3m, 32s, Spitz A3P
- Medford, OR, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A3P
- Mentor, OH, 9.1m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Milwaukee, WI, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Mount Clemens, MI, 9.1m, 68s, Spitz A3P
- Muncie, IN, 9.1m, 75s, Spitz A3P
- Norfolk, VA, 12.2m, 180s, Spitz A3P
- Oil City, PA, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz Nova III
- Olivet, MI, 10.7m, 58s, Spitz A3P
- Princeton, NJ, 7.3m, 39s, Spitz A3P
- Racine, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A3PR
- Rochester, MN, 9.1m, 54s, Spitz A3PR
- Roseville, MI, 10m, 64s, Spitz A3P (1969?)
- Ruston, LA, 12.2m, 120s, Spitz A4-RPY?
- Sandusky, OH, 9.1m, 65s, Spitz A3P
- Santa Ana, CA, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- Shawano, WI, 9.1m, 30s, Spitz Nova III
- Springfield, VA, 7.1m, 67s, Spitz A3P
- Toledo, OH, 12.2m, 92s, Spitz A3P
- Trumbull, CT, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A3P
- Valdosta, GA, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Waverly, IA, 7.3m, 45s, Spitz A4
- Wichita Falls, TX, 7.3m, 60s, Spitz A3P
- Youngstown, OH, 12.2m, 145s, Spitz A3P​​​
1968 59
- Spring: Walnut, CA, 10.7m, 75s, Spitz A3P
- May 15: Winnipeg, Canada, 18.5m, 287s, Zeiss Model Vs "Marvin" (Manitoba)
- May 22: Varna, USSR (Bulgaria), Zeiss ZKP1
- September 14: Rochester, NY, 19.8m, 240s, Zeiss Model VI (Strasenburgh)
- October 1: Montgomery, AL, 15.2m, 236s, Spitz STP (Gangras)
- October 12: Riverside, CA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A4
- October 12: West Hartford, CT, 12.2m, 145s, Spitz STP "Stella" (MacMillan)
- October 26: Toronto, Canada, 22.9m, 361s, Zeiss UPP 23/6 (McLaughlin)
- October 28: Vancouver, Canada, 20m, 275s, Zeiss UPP 23/7 "Harold" (MacMillan)
- End: Kent, OH, 12.2m, 125s, Spitz A3P
- Cartagena, Colombia, 6m, Zeiss ZKP1
- Dnepropetrovsk, USSR (Ukraine), 12m, 120s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Armagh, UK, 12m, 93s, GOTO
- Futtsu, Japan, 6m, 50s, Minolta MO-6
- Mazatlan, Mexico, 8m, 50s,
- Potsdam, Germany, 8m, 49s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Bilbao, Spain, 6m, 36s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Launceston, Australia, 8m?, 45s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Abilene, TX, 9.1m, 70s, Spitz A4
- Anchorage, AK, 6.1m, 60s, Spitz Nova III
- Aurora, NY, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Bay Village, OH, 9.1m, 54s, Spitz A3PR
- Beaumont, TX, 9.1m, 62s, Spitz A3P
- Bethlehem, PA, 9.1m, 70s, Spitz A3P
- Bourbon, IN, 7.3m, 54s, Spitz A3PR
- Buckhannon, WV, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3P
- Cheektowaga, NY, 6.1m, 40s, Spitz Nova III
- Clarion, PA, 12.2m, 100s, Spitz A3PR
- Clarksville, IN, 7.3m, Spitz A4
- Columbus, OH, 9.1m, 81s, Spitz A3P
- Cortland, NY, 8m, 41s, Spitz A3P
- Denver, CO, 15.2m, 123s, Spitz A2 (Gates)
- Dix Hills, NY, 7.3m, 80s, Spitz A3P
- Edinboro, PA, 9.7m, 70s, Spitz A3PR
- Euclid, OH, 9.1m, 56s, Spitz A4-RPY
- Fairview Park, OH, 9.1m, 68s, Spitz A3P
- Falls Church, VA, 9.1m, 39s, Spitz A3P
- Frostburg, MD, 7.3m, 38s, Spitz A4
- Georgetown, KY, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A4
- Harrisonburg, VA, 9.1m, 79s, Spitz A4
- Irving, TX, 9.1m, 74s, Spitz A4
- Keene, NH, 4.5m, 35s, Spitz Nova III
- Latrobe, PA, 6.1m, GOTO EX3
- Lock Haven, PA, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A4-RPY
- Milwaukee, WI, 9.1m, 100s, Spitz A3P
- New Castle, DE, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Oakton, VA, 9.1m, 64s, Spitz A3P
- Ossian, IN, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- Pittsburgh, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A4
- Plymouth Meeting, PA, 7.3m, 35s, Spitz A3PR
- Sharon, MA, 4m, 35s, Spitz Nova III
- Slippery Rock, PA, 9.1m, 76s, Spitz A4
- Somerset, MA, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- Southfield, MI, 9.1m, 70s, Spitz A3PR
- Tamaqua, PA, 9.1m, 68s, Viewlex GOTO Venus
- Williamsport, PA, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A3P
- Wilmington, CA, 7.3m, 34s, Spitz A4
- Wyncote, PA, 7.3m, 40s, Spitz A3PR
- Yorktown, IN, 6m, 36s, Spitz A3P​
​​
​
1969 89
- January 6: Kiel, Germany, 6m, 35s, Zeiss ZKP1
- March 1: Jakarta, Indonesia, 23m, 500s, Zeiss UPP-23/5
- April: Fushimi, Japan, 16m, 203s, Minolta MS-15
- May 2: Rock Island, IL, 9.1m, 92s, Spitz A3P
- June: Suhl, USSR (Germany GDR), 8m, 56s, Zeiss ZKP1
- July 1: Luzern, Switzerland, 18m, 300s, Zeiss Model Vs
- September 19: Surabaya, Indonesia, 7m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1
- October 1: Aomori, Japan, 10.5m, 121s, Minolta MS-10
- October 6: Hoyerswerda, USSR (Germany GDR), 8m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1
- October 7: Merseburg, USSR (Germany GDR), 8m, 50s, Zeiss ZKP1
- December 22: Bogota, Colombia, 23m, 482s, Zeiss UPP 23/6
- Fujiyoshida, Japan, 17m, 120s, GOTO 35mm/5p (Astrovision)
- Maebashi, Japan, 8m, 70s, GOTO S3
- Nagaoka, Japan, 10m, 95s, GOTO M1
- Suginami, Japan, 15m, 220s, GOTO M2
- Toyoake, Japan, 6m, 45s, Minolta MO-6P
- Plymouth, UK, 7m, 41s, Zeiss ZKP1 (1967?)
- Tampere, Finland, 13m, 139s, Minolta
- Pasaia San Pedro, Spain, 8m, 40s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Barcelona, Spain, 6m, 30s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Radebeul, USSR (Germany GDR), 8m, 60s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Glücksburg, Germany (FDR), 6m, 56s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Constanta, USSR (Romania), 8m, 78s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Baia Mare, USSR (Romania), 8m, 80s, Zeiss ZKP1
- Truskavets, USSR (Ukraine), 6m, ?
- Mangilao, Guam, 7m, 75s, Spitz 512?
- Alexandria, VA, 9.1m, 40s, Spitz A4
- Arabi, LA, 9m, 70s, Spitz A4
- Arlington, VA, 9.1m, 65s, Spitz A4-RPY
- Aston, PA, 9.1m, 40s, Spitz A4
- Beverly Hills, CA, 9.1m, 80s, Spitz A4
- Boise, ID, 9.1m, 57s, Spitz A4-RPY
- Bristol, VT, 4m, Spitz Nova
- Bunker Hill, IN, 35s, ?
- Clearwater, FL, 4m, Spitz 373?
- Clinton Township, MI, 7m, Spitz Nova III
- Dallas, TX, 9.1m, 63s, Spitz A4
- Dearborn Heights, MI, 9.1m, 66s, Spitz A3PR
- Doylestown, PA, 9.1m, 55s, Spitz A4
- Ellicott City, MD, ?
- El Paso, TX, 12.2m, 120s, Spitz A4
- Evanston, IL, 9.1m, 56s, Spitz A4
- Farrell, PA, 8.5m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Flinton, PA, 3m, 30s, Spitz Nova III
- Greenfield, IN, 7.3m, 50s, Spitz A3P
- Hagerstown, MD, 9.1m, 64s, Spitz A4
- Howey in The Hills, FL, 6.1m, 64s, Spitz Nova III
- Indianapolis, IN, 9.1m, 68s, Spitz A3PR
- Indianapolis, IN, 4m, 30s, Farquhar
- Jackson, MI, 9.1m, 62s, Spitz A4
- Jacksonville, AL, 6.1m, Spitz Nova III
- Jacksonville, FL, 12.2m, 120s, Minolta MS-1C
- Lafayette, IN, 9.1m, 64s, Spitz A4
- Lafayette, LA, 9.1m, 58s, Spitz A4
- Lamar, CO, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A3PR
- Lansing, MI, 12.2m, 115s, Spitz A4
- Laramie, WY, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Lincoln, NE, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- Lumberton, NC, 9.1m, 65s, Spitz A3PR
- Middletown, RI, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Mountainside, NJ, 6.1m, 30s, Spitz Nova III
- New Hope, MN, 4m, Spitz Nova III
- Norfolk, VA, 12.2m, 120s, Spitz A4
- Oak Park, MI, 9.1m, 72s, Spitz A4
- Ogden, UT, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Oxford, IN, 9.1m, 72s, Spitz A3PR
- Portland, ME, 9.1m, 62s, Spitz A4
- Reading, PA, 12.2m, 100s, Spitz A4
- River Falls, WI, 6.1m, 50s, Spitz A4
- Roswell, NM, 12.2m, 120s, Spitz A4
- Saint Joseph, MI, 9.1m, 55s, Spitz A4
- Saint Joseph, MO, 9.1m, 40s, Spitz 512?
- Saint Marys, PA, 6.1m, Spitz Nova III
- Salisbury, NC, 9.1m, 71s, Spitz A3P
- Sarasota, FL, 9.1m, 60s, Viewlex GOTO Venus
- Saratoga, CA, 10m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Savana, GA, 7.3m, 55s, Spitz A3P (1957??)
- Selden, NY, 4.9m, Viewlex GOTO Eros (E5)
- Selmer, TN, 9.1m, 60s, Spitz A4
- Southborough, MA, 4.9m, Spitz Nova III
- Staten Island, NY, 9.1m, 90s, Spitz A3P
- Ticonderoga, NY, 7.3m, 30s, Spitz A4
- Torrance, CA, 9.1m, 77s, Spitz A4
- Virginia Beach, VA, 12.2m, 98s, Spitz A4-RPY
- Wallingford, CT, 9.1m, 42s, Spitz A4
- Warminster, PA, 12.2m, 45s, Spitz STP
- Wayne, NE, 9.1m, 50s, Spitz A4
- West Chester, PA, 9.7m, 72s, Spitz A3P?
- Williamsville, NY, 9.1m, 75s, Spitz A4
​​
1970...
- December 23: Kitakyushu, Japan, 20m, 302s, GOTO L2
- May 5: Kanazawa, Japan, 15m, 220s, GOTO M2
- October 24: Cupertino, CA, 15.2m, 171s, Minolta MS-15
- November 19: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 12.5m, 135s, Zeiss RFP
- October 23: Goiania, Brazil, 12.5m, 124s, Zeiss RFP
- Orlando, FL, 12.2m, 120s, Minolta MS-10
- January: Fitchburg, MA, 12.2m, 103s, Spitz A4-RPY
- January 15: Tomakomai, Japan, 10m, 84s, GOTO S3
- New Rochelle, NY, 9.1m, 84s, Spitz A4
- Hamamatsu, Japan, 8m, 84s, GOTO Venus S-3
- Whitehall, PA, 10m, 82s, Viewlex GOTO Venus
- North East, MD, 9.1m, 75s, Spitz A4
​
More
​- WPD
- IPS: Planetarium Centennial
- GDP: Centennial of the planetarium
Bibliography:
- Jordan D. Marché II, Theaters of time and Space: American Planetaria, 1930-1970, ed. Rutgers University Press, 2005
- William Firebrace, Star Theatre, The story of the Planetarium, ed. Reaktion books, 2017
- Heinz Letsch, Captured Stars, ed. VEB Carl Zeiss Jena, 1959
- Walter Villiger, Le Planétaire Zeiss, (Das Zeiss-planetarium), ed. Bernard Vopelius, 1926